Driving in the Netherlands

If you plan to drive in the Netherlands, it is important to understand the basic road rules before getting behind the wheel. Dutch roads are generally well maintained, but traffic can be busy, especially in city centres, around schools, and near cyclists. This page gives a short overview of common driving rules, speed limits, alcohol limits and medication, what to keep in the car, and what to do in case of an accident. Always check official sources for the most up-to-date rules.

What you can find on this page:

• Basic road rules and speed limits
• Alcohol limits, strong medication, and drugs
• What to have in the car
• What to do in case of traffic accidents

Basic road rules and speed limits

Dutch road rules are similar to those in many other European countries, but a few rules are especially useful to know when you are new to driving in the Netherlands. It is also important to pay attention to road signs, speed limits, and local traffic rules, as these may differ depending on the road or area.

Traffic rules are actively enforced in the Netherlands, and traffic cameras are commonly used. If you are caught speeding or breaking another traffic rule, you may receive a fine by post. Depending on the offence, fines can cost hundreds of euros.

The Dutch government has published an English-language booklet about participating in Dutch traffic. If you are new to driving in the Netherlands, we strongly recommend reading this booklet before getting behind the wheel.

Basic road rules

• drive on the right-hand side of the road,
• overtake on the left, and don’t stay in the left lane unless it’s necessary,
• give way to traffic from the right, unless there’s traffic signs that say otherwise,
• follow priority signs and road markings, such as shark’s teeth,
• do not turn right at a red light unless a sign or signal says this is allowed,
• seatbelts are required for passengers in both the front and back seats,
• use an approved child car seat for children under 135 cm,
• use your mobile phone hands-free only, set your navigation before you start driving.

Speed limits

Speed limits depend on the type of road and the signs in place. In general, speed limits are 50 km/h in built-up areas, 80 km/h outside built-up areas, and 100 km/h on motorways during the day. Some motorways allow 120 or 130 km/h in the evening and at night. Always follow the signs on the road. Local or temporary limits may apply because of roadworks, traffic conditions, environmental zones, or rush-hour lanes.

Driving around cyclists

Cyclists are a major part of Dutch traffic. When driving, pay close attention at crossings, roundabouts, junctions, and when turning right. Always check your mirrors and blind spots before turning, crossing a cycle lane, or opening a car door.

In some areas, cyclists may have priority over cars. Priority can also change depending on the road signs, markings, and type of crossing. Always check the signs and road markings carefully, especially near roundabouts, schools, and busy cycling routes.

Cyclists are expected to follow traffic rules, but drivers should stay cautious. In accidents involving a car and a cyclist, the driver may carry a higher level of responsibility, especially when the cyclist is injured.

Alcohol limits, strong medication, and drugs

It is always illegal to drive when you are under the influence of drugs, exceeding the alcohol limits, or using a strong medication that may impair your driving ability. If you fail an alcohol or drug test, you may receive a fine, a driving ban, or other penalties, depending on the situation.

The Dutch government has legal alcohol limits for drivers, motorcycle riders, and boat operators. The rules are stricter for novice drivers than for more experienced drivers. If you have had your driving licence for less than five years, stricter rules apply. Stricter rules also apply to moped, motorised bicycle, and scooter drivers under the age of 24.

Some medication can make you less alert or slow your reaction time, even if it is prescribed by a doctor. This medication may have a yellow warning label on the box. Check the label or ask your doctor or pharmacist if you are unsure whether you can drive while taking medication.

What to have in the car

When driving, make sure you have the right documents and safety items with you. These may include:

• your driving licence,
• vehicle registration documents,
• proof of vehicle insurance,
• an International Motor Insurance Card, if relevant,
• a warning triangle,
• a European accident statement form.

If you are driving a foreign-registered vehicle, check whether additional documents are needed, such as foreign registration papers, or proof that your vehicle insurance is valid in the Netherlands. Valid vehicle insurance is mandatory in the Netherlands.

What to do in case of traffic accidents

If you are involved in a car accident, stay at the scene and make sure everyone is safe. If anyone is injured, call emergency services immediately.

If the accident only involves material damage, you and the other party usually need to complete a European accident statement form. Do not leave before you and the other person have recorded what happened and signed the form.

If you cannot agree on what happened, you need to contact the police as they can facilitate an agreement. You should also inform your insurance company as soon as possible. Some drivers use a dashcam to record traffic situations. This may be helpful in case of an accident, but make sure you use and share any footage responsibly.

Useful official sources

• Government.nl: Road safety
• Government.nl: Participating in Dutch Traffic (English-language booklet)
• European Union: Road rules and safety | Netherlands